Biosynthesis of monoterpenes in cymbopogon winterianus. To utilize the crop resources more efficiently during this lag phase, a field experiment was conducted for two years 1995. Extraction and characterization of essential oil components based. Usda, ars, germplasm resources information network. It is grown in sri lanka, india, burma, indonesia and java. Free how to download pdf book full guide book detail. Cymbopogon winterianus jowitt citronella cymbopogon martinii roxb. Lemon grass is a tufted perennial grass growing to a height of 1.
Citronella oil is the main product of java citronella grass cymbopogon winterianus jowitt rich in geraniol and citronellol, widely used in. Cymbopogon article about cymbopogon by the free dictionary. This study examines the active component of cymbopogon winterianus java citronella oil, as a green mosquito repellent, obtained through a steam distillation method. The eos were hydrodistilled in a clevengertype apparatus. Cymbopogon citratus lemon grass cymbopogon distans. Cymbopogon winterianus oil is produced in large quantities in java, taiwan and china. Distributed over africa, asia and southern america. From the leaf of a tall grass native to asia, citronella essential oil has a crisp, fresh aroma. Cymbopogon definition of cymbopogon by merriamwebster. The substance identity section is calculated from substance identification information from all echa databases. Review on pharmacological activity of cymbopogon citratus karkala manvitha, bhushan bidya abstract cymbopogon citratus belonging to the family gramineae is an herb worldwide known as lemongrass. Embryogenic callus was induced from immature inflorescence segments of java citronella cymbopogon winterianus and maintained for 2 years on. Buy online citronella essential oil essential natural oils. Plant description it is a tufted aromatic perennial herb with fibrous roots, erect over 2 m tall, with smooth leaves and bearing a large inflorescence.
Citronella is a genus of trees and shrubs with large perennial leaves, wild or cultivated from tropical regions. It is also an outstanding ornamental grass that lends great beauty to garden areas regardless of. Constituent chart baornyl cetate helps to support a healthy respiratory system. It is an ideal companion for camping, hiking, and trips to the great outdoors. The most common of these citronella grasses is cymbopogon nardus, a native of sri lanka. Dec 25, 20 plant description it is a tufted aromatic perennial herb with fibrous roots, erect over 2 m tall, with smooth leaves and bearing a large inflorescence. The citrusflavored blades leaves can be used in tea or soup, even dried and frozen or powdered. Insects free fulltext the mosquito larvicidal activity. The larvicidal activity of essential oils eos extracted from cymbopogon citratus, cymbopogon winterianus, eucalyptus citriodora, and eucalyptus camaldulensis aromatic plants grown in vietnam was evaluated on aedes aegypti larvae. This page was last edited on 3 september 2017, at 06. Cymbopogon winterianus is a robust, aromatic, evergreen, perennial, clumpforming grass with numerous erect culms arising from a short rhizome. Insecticidal properties of ocimum basilicum and cymbopogon. Effect of distillation methods on citronella oil cymbopogon nardus.
Pdf essential oil composition of cymbopogon winterianus and. This essential oil was obtained by steam distillation and components were identified by gcfid and gcms. Cymbopogon citriodora westindian lemon grass cymbopogon flexuosus eastindian lemon grass cymbopogon winterianus jowitt citronella grass cymbopogon martini. The protection of grains with alternative products, such as essential oils, is a possible alternative to meet the needs described above. The plants database includes the following 10 species of cymbopogon. Essential oils from cymbopogon species of diverse origin have been studied extensively, both previously and currently 19. The aim of this work was to evaluate insecticidal activity of essential oil from citronella grass, cymbopogon winterianus, on f. Yellowing and crinkling disease and its impact on the yield. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of cymbopogon. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page.
A potter spray tower was used to spray insects with the essential oil. Cymbopogon nardus, citronella grass, nardus, nard grass. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. It is also an outstanding ornamental grass that lends great beauty to garden areas regardless of whether its culinary. Citronella java cymbopogon winterianus a calming oil, noted to be effective against excessive perspiration and as an insect repellent. Therefore, this investigation evaluated the applications of basil, ocimum basilicum, and citronella, cymbopogon winterianus, essential oils for a. Field crops rabi with multiple choice questions pdf book.
Citronella grass cymbopogon nardus and cymbopogon winterianus is similar to the species above but grows to 2 m and has red base stems. Cymbopogon flexuosus is a highly productive and vigorous plant that has good yield of dry mass 725 t ha. Field crops rabi with multiple choice questions language. Where does citronella come from from two species of grass in the cymbopogon genus. Citronella is a tall grass grown in asia with a crisp, fresh aroma. Cymbopogon mcgill university school of computer science. Roots can be chopped into stir fry or made into paste. The clp regulation makes sure that the hazards presented by chemicals are clearly communicated to. Field crops rabi importance, area, production and productivity of major cereals, pulses, oilseeds, sugar crops, medicinal and aromatics and forage crops wheat triticum sp barley hordeum vulgare triticale rabi pulses. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of. With powerful pest repellent benefits, citronella oil keeps creepycrawlers out of the house and off your skin and clothing. Citronella is a genus of trees and shrubs with large perennial leaves, wild or. Oil yield was positively and significantly correlated with tillers.
But soil of specific and experimental field of kannauj was loamy sand, with ph 6. Planting of slips were done in 100 square meter area of. The mosquito repellent activity of the active component of. Cymbopogon winterianus in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Citronella is the source of the commercial citronella oil, used in perfumery and as an insect repellent. Phenotypic and rapd diversity among cymbopogon winterianus. This paper describes chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of cymbopogon nardus citronella essential oil against edwardsiella spp. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. A gallon or larger pot makes a good starter home for one of our three inch pots of citronella grass. Genome wide transcriptome profiling reveals differential gene. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf molluscicidal and larvicidal activities and essential oil composition of cymbopogon winterianus article pdf available in pharmaceutical biology 51. The hazard classification and labelling section shows the hazards of a substance based on the standardised system of statements and pictograms established under the clp classification labelling and packaging regulation.
Cymbopogon winterianus jowitt was named after winter, who raised its population as a separate species in the 19th century. Citronella java cymbopogon winterianus essential oil. Pdf cymbopogon essential oils chemical compositions and. Antifungal, antibacterial insect repellent, loosens mucus, coughs, colds, sinus congestion, cramps, stress. Creates a warming sensation to the skin, helping soothe discomfort associated with normal wear and tear on the. Introduction cymbopogon citrates staff is popularly known as citronella grass or lemongrass. Studies have shown citronella oil to be strongly antifungal and antibacterial and has even demonstrated the ability to calm barking dogs. Cymbopogon winterianus health effects and herbal facts. Plants profile for cymbopogon winterianus cymbopogon grass. For most of the traits examined, genetic correlations were found to be larger than phenotypic correlations. Citronella cymbopogon winterianus jowitt is an important aromatic grass belonging to the poaceae family with proven therapeutic and medicinal values. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. Biomass yield and essential oil yield variations in java. Apiaceae essential oils were investigated against 19 fungal and 7 bacterial species.
These species are used for the production of citronella oil, which is used in soaps, as an insect repellent especially mosquitoes in insect sprays and candles, and in aromatherapy. Cymbopogon citratus grows best under sunny, warm and humid conditions at elevations below 750 m, with mean annual temperatures ranging from 23c to 30c and mean annual rainfall between 25003000 mm. Cymbopogon winterianus jowitt show all show tabs cymbopogon grass. Cymbopogon nardus, citronella grass, nardus, nard grass, mana. Lemon grass or lemongrass is a perennial herb used in asian particularly thai and vietnamese and caribbean cooking. Citronella cymbopogon winterianus cultivation slips. Thirty accessions of java citronella cymbopogon winterianus, jowitt and four accessions three indian and one sri lankan of ceylon citronella c. Dec 26, 2014 this page was last edited on 3 september 2017, at 06.
Review on pharmacological activity of cymbopogon citratus. It is adapted to grow on a wide variety of soils types, but. These species are used for the production of citronella oil, which is used in soaps, as a mosquito repellent in insect sprays and candles, and also in aromatherapy, which is famous in bintan, indonesia. Cymbopogon winterianus cymbopogon grass legal status.
Cymbopogon citratus, commonly called lemongrass, is a frosttender clumping perennial grass that is popularly used as a lemony flavoring in thai, vietnamese, laotian and cambodian cooking and is widely cultivated in southeast asia for that purpose. Influence of season, harvest time and drying on java citronella. Cymbopogon, also known as lemongrass, barbed wire grass, silky heads, cochin grass, malabar grass, oily heads or fever grass, is a genus of asian, african, australian, and tropical island plants in the grass family. Cymbopogon winterianus, essential oil composition, linalool, citronellol. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from inflorescence. Essential oil composition of cymbopogon winterianus. This species belongs to the gramineae family, which comprises approximately 500 genus and 8,000 herb species 1. Pdf molluscicidal and larvicidal activities and essential. Cymbopogon citratus, pharmacological activity, essential oil. Genetic variability and relationship in quantitative and. Cymbopogon nardus is a clump forming grass that should be planted in well drained soil and positioned in plenty of sun.
Cymbopogon winterianus, thrips, green peach aphid, volatile components, natural insecticide. Eases congestion after a long day standing on your feet. Poaceae is a perennial, multiharvest aromatic grass, the shoot biomass of which, on steam distillation, yields an essential oil extensively used in fragrance and flavour industries. Some species particularly cymbopogon citratus are commonly cultivated as culinary and medicinal herbs because of their scent, resembling that of lemons citrus limon. Pdf essential oil of cymbopogon winterianus jowitt from.
It is commonly used in soap manufacturing, perfumery, and as an insect repellent. Citronella grass cymbopogon nardus and cymbopogon winterianus grow to about 2 m 6. Citronella essential oil is steam distilled from a fragrant grass similar to lemongrass, but with a sweeter scent. Yellowing and crinkling disease and its impact on the. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about citronella cymbopogon winterianus supplied by member gardeners in the plantfiles database at daves garden. The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of cymbopogon winterianus. Cymbopogon refractus barbwire grass cymbopogon schoenanthus camel grass cymbopogon tortilis. Cymbopogon definition is a genus of grasses occurring in warm regions of the old world and having compound flower clusters of paired racemes enclosed by bracts that resemble spathes. Download fulltext pdf essential oil composition of cymbopogon winterianus and carum carvi and their antimicrobial activities article pdf available in pharmaceutical biology 466. Citronella is an herb from indonesia with long thin leaves, stalks and inflorescences.
It is soothing to the skin and creates an uplifting atmosphere. It has a lemony flavor and can be dried and powdered, or used fresh. Camphor helps support a healthy respiratory system. Pdf essential oil composition of cymbopogon winterianus. Planting of slips were done in 100 square meter area of the field.
Citronella is clumpforming tropical grass, the clump increases in size as the plant matures. The substance identifiers displayed in the infocard are the best available substance name, ec number, cas number andor the molecular and structural formulas. Cultivation of citronella cymbopogon winterianus and. Citronella grass is mainly grown for its commercial essential oils and the systematic study of its chemical composition resulted in several other benefits apart from the development of analytical methods for quality assessment.
This type of citronella oil typically has a higher citronellal content than that of c. Citronella essential oil is a known powerful insect repellent and an ideal companion during outdoor activities. Cymbopogon winterianus jal pallavi can be cultivated on almost every type of the soil. Genome wide transcriptome profiling reveals differential. In traditional chinese medicine it is used for rheumatic pain.
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